Here are a few basic window facts and terms that will help you better understand our process.
Let’s talk about double-hung windows since they are most common. Original double-hung windows consist of a top and bottom sash. Sashes are the operable frames that hold the window glass (opening a window usually means raising the bottom sash).
The top and bottom sashes, when operable, slide up and down the fixed frame known as the jamb.
Attached to the sides of the window sashes are ropes or chains that hold counterbalance weights on the opposite ends (these weights are located behind the window jamb). The counterbalance is how the sashes stay in position when the window is opened.
What goes into window restoration?
Working in older homes always comes with its fair share of surprises. It’s important to us that our clients understand our restoration process so that when surprises happen, we can communicate our approach and all possible restoration options. Below is a general outline of this process
Extraction
Our process begins with sash extraction. Extraction is usually completed in one day, depending on the number of windows being restored and possible complications (sashes nailed or caulked shut).
Deglazing and Stripping
All sashes are brought back to our shop, where we will deglaze, strip the sashes of old paint/finish, and remove all glass. Removing old glazing compound and reglazing ensures the glass will not shift and improves insulation.
Repairs
It’s not uncommon to find rotted wood and degraded joints hidden beneath thick layers of paint. Quick fixes (nails, screws, brackets, and caulk) can work in the short term but tend to make matters worse over time. Structural repair means removing all rotted wood and replacing it with old-growth lumber or matching the wood species.
Weather-sealing
We attach weatherstripping to the jambs, which will interlock with the sashes and seal any gaps along the sides of the window when closed. A compression seal is used to close any gaps at the top and bottom of the window as well as where the two sashes overlap. We weatherize windows so they can be used freely while still offering protection from Chicago’s colder months. Different kinds of windows (and doors) require different kinds of weatherstripping, but our goal and approach are always the same.
Refinishing
We refinish by priming and applying at least two coats of paint on the exterior side of all sashes. The interiors can be painted or stained and varnished depending on the client’s preference. The reason for painting all exteriors is because it provides superior weather protection compared to varnish; for this same reason, it’s important to use a high-quality paint for your windows.
Glass Cleaning and Replacement
All glass is cleaned and bedded with new glazing compound. Broken glass will be replaced with new double-strength glass, restoration “wavy” glass (depending on availability), or reproduced antique glass.
Hardware Cleaning
Most original hardware will look and work great after a thorough cleaning and polish. Some hardware does break or may be missing, in which case we will replace it with a new or salvaged piece. Double-hung windows usually have sash locks, sash lifts, and pulleys.
Counterweight Calibration
In order for your windows to operate, they need to be accurately counterbalanced. Each sash needs two weights that together equal the sash weight. Often sash weights have been moved, taken out, or weigh less due to corrosion, which is why we reweigh and match all weights and sashes as well as replace missing weights. If your sashes do not stay in place (sag or ride up), it’s likely due to improper counterbalance.
Jamb Restoration and Reinstallation
When windows have been painted shut, there is usually a lot of paint build-up on the jambs that makes it difficult for the sashes to move. We strip the jambs of old paint, sand, repair cracks and gouges, prime, and apply at least two coats of paint.
Once the jambs have been stripped, repaired, and painted, the sashes can be reinstalled. At this point we will install the weatherstripping, rig all sash weights with new rope or chain, and install hardware. It takes more time to reinstall than to extract because jambs and sashes are not always square, and some adjustments may be necessary.